Volume 1: Student Life Chapter 414 Where is the "Gum Ball"
Although these words came from Cross's mouth.
He himself mentioned that he was not an intern.
But when Chen Zhou repeated the question, Cross seemed a little embarrassed.
He couldn't tell Chen Zhou clearly that he was just a handyman, right?
Chen Zhou looked at Cross strangely and called out, "Professor Cross?"
Cross came back to his senses and explained with a strange expression: "It's... the internship period, you know?"
Chen Zhou nodded and asked, "Do you mean the interns during the internship period?"
Cross nodded quickly: "Yes, yes, that's what I mean!"
Chen Zhou looked at Cross suspiciously and said casually, "I didn't expect SLAC to have such a rule. There are actually two internship periods?"
"Ahem..." Cross did not continue the topic, but said, "Let's go meet up with Professor Friedman now. The inspection of the experiment has basically been completed."
Upon hearing this, Chen Zhou followed Cross to find Friedman.
Cross's mission is not just to take Chen Zhou for a stroll.
While he was taking Chen Zhou to learn about the experimental equipment, he also learned about the equipment inspection before the experiment.
Now, it is time to report the progress to Friedman.
Chen Zhou and Cross found Friedman in the control room.
Before Cross could speak, Friedman took out something.
This thing was for Chen Zhou, but it made Cross extremely embarrassed and puzzled.
"Chen Zhou, this is your work ID."
Chen Zhou took the work permit that Friedman handed over and took a look at it.
What is written above is not the intern period that Cross mentioned.
Not even an intern.
Directly became an assistant researcher!
As for whose assistant he is, it goes without saying.
However, Chen Zhou simply said "thank you" to Friedman and did not catch Cross and say anything about this matter.
Turning around, Friedman began to ask Cross about the equipment inspection before the experiment began.
Cross answered truthfully.
Friedman nodded slightly: "Then let's start the experiment on time according to the plan!"
Cross straightened his face and said, "Okay, Professor Friedman."
The experiment officially started at 11 a.m.
As for why it is at this time of getting off work close to noon, it is said that experiments at this time are more likely to succeed.
Of course, this is a bit metaphysical.
Before the experiment began, Chen Zhou carefully observed everything in the control room.
Whether it is a particle emission button or a signal collection device for a feedback device.
Chen Zhou looked at it very carefully.
They also correspond one by one to the impressions in my mind.
The so-called electron-positron collider is a device that causes electrons and positrons to collide.
It accelerates various particles, such as protons and electrons, to extremely high energies.
The particles are then bombarded against a fixed target.
By studying the various reactions produced when high-energy particles collide with particles in the target, the properties of the reactions are studied.
Such as discovering new particles, observing new phenomena, etc.
In fact, there is also a mechanism of electron-positron collision in nature.
It exists in falling meteorites.
This is also an example of science discovering nature and nature verifying science.
The idea of the collider was based on a traffic accident.
A car in a traffic accident hit a car parked on the side of the road.
A large part of the energy of a car crash is consumed in "making the car parked on the roadside rush forward", so the force of the collision is not strong enough.
Based on this, if two high-speed cars traveling towards each other collide head-on, the force of the collision will be many times greater.
It has to be said that science also comes from life.
Around 11 a.m., all staff returned to the control room.
Everyone looked at Friedman nervously as he was about to press the launch button.
SLAC prepared for this experiment for a long time.
This is also an experiment of great significance.
If the "glueball" can be successfully discovered, SLAC will surely return to the forefront of particle physics.
Even though we are far behind CERN, it will at least give us the courage to catch up.
As the countdown ended, Friedman slowly pressed the button on the generator.
The experiment has just begun!
Everyone's eyes shifted from Friedman to the console.
Here, the phenomena and experimental data in the experimental device will be transmitted back.
The same goes for Chen Zhou. This may be a moment of witnessing history.
Although this hope is only a tiny bit.
The current standard model of particle physics has already told people this.
The fundamental particles in the world can be divided into three categories, namely quarks, leptons and mediators that transmit interactions.
The interactions between particles are well-known, including electromagnetic interaction, weak interaction, strong interaction and gravitational interaction.
Although gravity plays a vital role in the macroscopic world.
But in the microscopic world, the effect of gravity is very weak.
In the mediator that transmits the interaction, according to the electroweak unification theory, the Higgs mechanism of spontaneous breaking of the SU(2)XU(1) local gauge symmetry is used.
The three gauge bosons corresponding to the broken symmetry acquire a large mass, and they become the intermediate bosons W± and Z° that transmit short-range weak interactions.
The bosons corresponding to the remaining symmetry are massless photons, which transmit electromagnetic interactions.
In quantum chromodynamics (QCD), gluons are the mediators of strong interactions.
Gluons act like " glue ", "gluing" quarks together to form mesons and baryons.
At the same time, the gluons can gather together to form a bound state of gluons, that is, a glue ball.
To put it simply, the glueball does not contain quark components and is pure gluon "single substance".
Quantum chromodynamics, quantum sum rules, and lattice quantum all predict that glueballs, mixed states, and multiquark states must exist.
But whether the glue balls really exist has also become a touchstone for whether the theory is correct.
For colloid balls, according to the results of theoretical calculations, the mass range of the ground state scalar colloid balls is approximately distributed in the range of 1000 to 1800 MeV.
The masses of tensors and pseudo-glueballs are distributed over a higher mass range.
As a research hotspot, there are too many theoretical articles on computational glueballs.
Moreover, there are numerous methods and approaches for calculation.
But no matter what the methods and approaches are, as for the literature that Chen Zhou has read.
Most of the calculations give approximate results.
That is, the mass of the colloid ball should be between 1000 and 1800 MeV.
Moreover, theoretical research shows that, using existing collider technology, people are fully capable of reaching the energy levels at which glue balls can be produced.
However, due to the detection method, it is still difficult to detect the rubber balls.
Chen Zhou felt that this was probably one of the reasons why Friedman was the person in charge of this experiment.
As an experienced and leadership Nobel Prize winner, Friedman has the ability to improve detection methods.
Chen Zhou's eyes were fixed on the device on the console, not daring to even blink.
He was afraid that he had missed some crucial information.
It is the kind of detail that is hidden deep in the data and is most easily overlooked.
Although the time chosen for this experiment was 11 o'clock in the morning.
But this experiment started quickly and ended quickly.
It won't affect everyone's lunch.
As for the experimental results that everyone is concerned about, no one dares to give a definite answer.
Because from the properties of particles, it is not possible to determine the answer very well.
In other words, the question of "where is the glue ball" has not yet been solved.
This is actually the result that everyone had guessed earlier.
Because in experiments, unstable composite particles can usually be identified with an accuracy of about 10MeV/c^2.
However, the properties of the particles cannot be determined precisely.
In many experiments, some possible particles have been detected.
But they have been considered suspect in some studies.
All we can say is that there are some candidate particle resonance states, although the evidence is unclear.
Possibly, gumball.
